Jump to content

Harry DeWolf-class offshore patrol vessel

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from AOPV)

HMCS Harry DeWolf under way in September 2021
Class overview
NameHarry DeWolf class
BuildersHalifax Shipyards
Operators
Preceded byNone
Cost
  • CA$3.5 billion (initial design and build)
  • CA$2.3 billion (for construction of six vessels);[1] CA$4.3 billion (2018 estimate);[2] CA$4.98 billion (2023 estimate for first six Navy ships) + CA$2.1 billion (2024 estimate for two Coast Guard variants)[3]
Built2016–present
In commission2021–present
Planned8 (6 for RCN and 2 for CCG)
Building2 (for CCG)
Completed6
Active4
General characteristics
TypeArctic/offshore patrol vessel
Displacement6,615 t (6,511 long tons)
Length103.6 m (339 ft 11 in)[4]
Beam19 m (62 ft 4 in)[4]
Draught5.7 m (18 ft 8 in)[5]
Ice classPolar Class 5
Installed power4 × MAN 6L32/44CR[5] (4 × 3.6 MW)[6]
Propulsion
Speed
  • 17 kn (31 km/h; 20 mph) (open water)[4]
  • 3 kn (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph) in 1 m (3 ft 3 in) ice[8]
Range6,800 nmi (12,600 km; 7,800 mi) at 14 kn (26 km/h; 16 mph)
Boats & landing
craft carried
  • 2 × 8.5 m (28 ft) multi-role rescue boats by Rosborough Boats
  • 12 m (39 ft) landing craft by ABCO Industries [10][11]
Complement65 (RCN). Accommodation for 87[9]
Sensors and
processing systems		SATCOM (Link 16), Multichannel VHF/HF Radio, Anti-missile detect systems; OSI Maritime Systems, Integrated Bridge Navigational System; Kelvin Hughes SharpEye X and S-band navigation radars; BlueNaute inertial navigation system; Terma SCANTER 6002 surveillance radar system; SAGEM Damage/Machinery Control Systems
Armament
Aircraft carried
Aviation facilities

Harry DeWolf-class offshore patrol vessels are warships of the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) built within the Government of Canada Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship (AOPS) procurement project, part of the National Shipbuilding Strategy. In July 2007 the federal government announced plans for acquiring six to eight icebreaking warships for the RCN.[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]

The vessels are modelled on the Norwegian Coast Guard NoCGV Svalbard and as of 2007 were projected to cost CA$3.5 billion to construct with a total project procurement budgeted to cost $4.3 billion in order to cover maintenance over the 25-year lifespan of the vessels.[19][20] In 2018 it was reported that the cost of the first six ships had increased by $810 million over previous projections.[2] In 2023 it was reported that the cost for the first six ships had increased by a further $780 million and that of the two envisaged vessels for the Coast Guard by an additional $100 million.[21]

The lead ship of the class was announced as Harry DeWolf in September 2014, and four additional ships were named in 2015. Construction of the ships Harry DeWolf and Margaret Brooke started at the Halifax Shipyards in September 2015 and September 2016, respectively. Harry DeWolf and Margaret Brooke were originally planned to be delivered in 2019 and 2020 respectively.[22] Harry DeWolf was officially launched on 15 September 2018.[23] Margaret Brooke was launched on 10 November 2019.[24] Max Bernays began construction in December 2017 and William Hall was also planned to begin in 2017, although construction was delayed to early 2019. Max Bernays was launched in October 2021, and was followed by William Hall in 2022.[25][22] Frédérick Rolette was scheduled to begin construction in 2019, with construction on Robert Hampton Gray expected to begin in 2021. They were originally planned to be completed by 2022 and 2023, respectively.[22][26][27][28] However, in 2020 it was confirmed that ships five and six (Frédérick Rolette and Robert Hampton Gray) would not begin construction until 2021 and 2022 respectively.[29]

On 22 May 2019, an official announcement was made to begin the process of building two vessels for the Canadian Coast Guard, bringing the total number of ships in the class to eight.[30]

Project history

[edit]

In 2006 Prime Minister Stephen Harper had spoken about building three to four icebreakers capable of travelling through thick ice in the Arctic Ocean.[31][32][33] In 2007 it was announced that the Canadian Armed Forces would purchase six to eight patrol ships having an ice class of Polar Class 5, meaning that they were capable of limited icebreaking,[34] based on the Norwegian Svalbard class.[19] This announcement was met with some controversy, and the proposed ships have been called "slush-breakers", by Dr. Gary Stern, a scientist aboard CCGS Amundsen, and Jack Layton of the NDP.[35][36] However, it was notable that in 2005 of the nineteen Canadian Coast Guard icebreakers then in service, only six had an ice class higher than Polar Class 5.[37]

In 2010 the Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship Project was grouped with several other federal government ship procurement projects for the Royal Canadian Navy and Canadian Coast Guard into the National Shipbuilding Procurement Strategy (NSPS). The NSPS announced on 19 October 2011 that Irving Shipbuilding would be awarded the $25 billion contract to build six to eight Arctic patrol ships as well as fifteen other warships for the RCN over the next two decades.[38]

Norwegian Coast Guard vessel NoCGV Svalbard, on which the Harry DeWolf class design is modelled

In September 2014, Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced that the name of the first ship in the class would be Harry DeWolf, named in honour of wartime Canadian naval hero Harry DeWolf, and that the class would be named the Harry DeWolf class.[39] In December it was found that not enough money had been projected to cover the cost of building the six to eight planned ships and that the budget would need to be increased, delaying the signing of the contract.[40] However, in an effort to drive down costs, Irving Shipbuilding could only project building five ships with the option to build a sixth only if it came under budget. The budget for the project was increased from $3.1 billion to $3.5 billion to ensure a cash buffer.[41] However, by 2018 that approach had been abandoned and the budget for the first six ships had reportedly increased to $4.3 billion.[2]

On 13 April 2015 the government announced a second ship would be named Margaret Brooke in honour of Sub-Lieutenant Margaret Brooke, a Royal Canadian Navy Nursing Sister decorated for heroism for her efforts to save a fellow nursing sister after the sinking of the ferry SS Caribou during World War II.[42] The third ship will be named Max Bernays for Chief Petty Officer Max Bernays who served aboard HMCS Assiniboine during the Second World War and was decorated for his actions during the sinking of the German submarine U-210.[43] The fourth ship will be named for William Hall, a Victoria Cross (VC) recipient from Nova Scotia and the first black person to be awarded the VC, for his actions during the Siege of Lucknow.[44][45] The fifth ship will be named for Frédérick Rolette, a French-Canadian sailor of Canada's Provincial Marine under the Royal Navy who, during the War of 1812, was second-in-command of the ship Lady Prevost at the Battle of Lake Erie, and led the capture of the American supply vessel Cayahoga Packet, in July 1812, an action instrumental in contributing to the capture of Detroit one month later.[46]

On 2 November 2018, the option for the sixth ship was taken up.[47] In 2020 it was confirmed that the sixth ship would be named for Robert Hampton Gray, posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for gallantry during World War II while serving with the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm in the Pacific theatre.[48] The cost of the sixth vessel is expected to be higher due to the tariffs on steel and aluminum imposed by both Canada and the United States.[49]

On 22 May 2019, it was announced that two more ships would be built for the Canadian Coast Guard.[50]

The Fall 2022 Special Edition of the Maritime Engineering Journal (No. 102) was dedicated to a comprehensive review of the Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship project with the subtitle: An insider's look at the Royal Canadian Navy's new capability.[51]

Construction

[edit]
HMCS William Hall under construction in August 2022

On 18 June 2015 it was reported that the construction of test modules for the lead ship of the class Harry DeWolf was underway.[52] The first sections of keel were placed on 11 March 2016, but the official laying of the keel of Harry DeWolf was held on 9 June 2016, marking the first naval construction in Canada since 1998,[53][54] and the largest purposefully-built warship for the RCN in over 50 years. In September 2016, it was announced that construction had begun on Margaret Brooke and that 50 of 64 modular pieces of Harry DeWolf had been completed.[55] On 8 December 2017, the three main sections of Harry DeWolf were fitted into place.[56] The first steel for Max Bernays was cut on 19 December 2017.[57] Construction of William Hall started on 3 May 2019.[58] Margaret Brooke was launched on 10 November 2019.[59] First steel was cut for the fifth ship, Frédérick Rolette, in May 2021[60] and for sixth ship, Robert Hampton Gray, in August 2022.[61]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Irving Shipbuilding announced that construction would be halted for at least three weeks beginning in March 2020.[62] Harry DeWolf was delivered to the Navy in July 2020, and commissioned on 26 June 2021. Margaret Brooke was delivered on 15 July 2021 and commissioned on 28 October 2022. The two Coast Guard AOPS variants (ships seven and eight) were expected to begin construction in 2022 and 2023.[29] In January 2023, it was announced that work on the additional ships would begin in the course of 2023.[63]

On 9 December, 2024, the sixth and final ship, Robert Hampton Gray, was launched at Halifax Shipyard.

Potable water contamination

[edit]

In December 2022, it was discovered that the potable water systems of all the delivered and launched ships had suspected lead contamination from fittings and valves that were manufactured from alloys that exceeded the allowable amount of lead. The ships affected by the contamination were Harry DeWolf, Margaret Brooke, and Max Bernays. William Hall would be tested for the contamination after the completion of construction.[64]

Criticism

[edit]

The Harry DeWolf class has been criticized for its design and effectiveness, as critics believe that the class is ineffective in its designated role of Arctic and offshore patrol. Some criticism focuses on the fact that the ships are slow and, compared to the similarly sized Russian Project 23550 patrol ships armed with 3M-54 Kalibr anti-ship missiles, underarmed. However, others believe that the ships' capabilities are sufficient given their largely constabulary mission, and are in line with existing naval and coast guard vessels of other Arctic nations.[65]

In April 2013, the Rideau Institute and the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives released a report on the proposed AOPS. The report was written by UBC Professor Michael Byers and Stewart Webb. The report's conclusion was that Canada would be better suited to have purpose-built ships, namely icebreakers for the Arctic and offshore patrol vessels for the Pacific and Atlantic coasts.[66]

In May 2013, the CBC reported that the cost of the design phase of the project was many times what other countries paid for design, construction, and full-up operational deployment of similar ships. The projected design cost of the AOPS, $288 million, was compared primarily to the Norwegian icebreaking offshore patrol vessel Svalbard that was designed and built for less than $100 million in 2002, and whose basic design documentation package was purchased by Canada for $5 million. Shipbuilding experts interviewed by CBC estimated that the design cost of the AOPS should have been $10–20 million even if accounting for cost of adapting the Norwegian design to Canadian service.[20] The $288 million design cost was further compared to two European offshore patrol vessel classes that, while significantly cheaper to design and build, have only one third of the AOPS' displacement. Furthermore, the Danish Knud Rasmussen class has much lower ice-going capability than the AOPS and the Irish Samuel Beckett class is not ice-capable at all.[67] Additionally, the AOPS have far more significant aviation capabilities than either the Danish or Irish ships.

Future developments

[edit]

As the Harry Dewolf-class ships started to enter service, comments appeared in Canadian professional military journals suggesting that they might be useful as small amphibious ships carrying up to 50 to 60 soldiers/marine infantry into the Arctic.[68]

A 2024 defence policy report included the intent to purchase ocean surveillance sensors for the ships.[69]

Northern affiliations

[edit]

In 2017, the decision was made to have each of the six ships affiliate with one of the six Inuit regions in Northern Canada; Qikiqtaaluk, Kitikmeot, Kivalliq, Nunavik, Nunatsiavut, and Inuvialuit. These affiliations are meant to build connections with Inuit communities where the Harry DeWolf class serve.[70]

Crewing problems

[edit]

In November 2023, Vice-Admiral Angus Topshee, the commander of the RCN, released a statement indicating that due to serious personnel recruitment and retention problems in the navy, notably an absence of marine technicians, only one of the new Harry DeWolf-class ships was actually being manned at any given time.[71][72] By February/March 2024 these crewing problems had been reduced/solved, as demonstrated by the simultaneous deployments of Max Bernays (sailing between Canada's Atlantic and Pacific coasts via the Panama Canal) and Margaret Brooke (to the Caribbean Sea).[73] Both Harry DeWolf and Margaret Brooke participated in Nanook 2024, which was led by the Canadian Armed Forces.[74]

Design

[edit]
HMCS Harry DeWolf, shown transiting through icy waters in the Northwest Passage, has a Polar Class 5 rating.

The AOPS was initially envisaged to feature azimuth thrusters and a double-acting hull form that would incorporate a moderate icebreaking bow for cruising in open water and light ice, and an icebreaking stern designed for heavier ice conditions.[75] After a conventional twin-shaft layout similar to existing Canadian Coast Guard icebreakers was selected following a cost-benefit analysis, the hull form was optimized for bow-first icebreaking with a rounded spoon-shaped stem.[76] The vessels' ice class is Polar Class 5, but the bow region is further strengthened to higher Polar Class 4 level.[77] A bow thruster enables manoeuvering and berthing without tug assistance.[7]

In 2008, a contract was awarded to BMT Fleet Technology and STX Canada Marine to assist in developing technical specifications and a design for the project. The technical specifications were to be used to draft a request for proposals. The government later awarded a design contract to BMT Fleet Technology and STX Canada Marine to develop the design of the vessel for issue to the selected NSPS proponent.

The ships are built in three large megablocks: centre, aft and bow. Each megablock consists of 62 smaller building blocks. The first steel was cut on Harry DeWolf in September 2015.[4]

The ships are designed to displace 6,440 metric tons (6,340 long tons), making them the largest class of naval vessels produced in Canada in the past 50 years, with the previous being the retired Protecteur-class replenishment oiler.[78] They are capable of outfitting multiple payload options such as shipping containers, underwater survey equipment, or a landing craft. The vessels have a 20-tonne and a 3-tonne crane to self-load/unload, and a vehicle bay to carry vehicles for deployment over the ice.[79] The design also calls for an enclosed cable deck and forecastle to better cope with the Arctic environment. On the open sea, the ships have fin stabilizers to reduce roll that are retractable during ice operations.[6]

Armament and aircraft

[edit]
The Harry DeWolf class has a flight deck at its stern.

In August 2015, BAE Systems won the contract to provide up to six modified Mk 38 Mod 3A 25 mm cannon for the naval ships in the class (the coast guard ships will be unarmed, as CCG has no enforcement mandate). This contract also covers the service life of the weapons.[80]

The vessels have a hangar and flight deck capable of employing and maintaining the same maritime helicopter as the RCN's other vessels: the CH-148 Cyclone. [18]

Bridge and navigation system

[edit]

In 2014 OSI Maritime Systems Ltd. was selected by Lockheed Martin Canada to design the integrated bridge and navigation system for the AOPS program, this was followed by a contract for the Implementation Phase in 2015. Since, OSI has built and installed all AOPS Integrated Bridge and Navigation ship sets.[81][82] 

Propulsion and power

[edit]
Main engines on HMCS Max Bernays

The vessels have a diesel-electric powertrain with four 3.6-megawatt (4,800 hp) MAN 6L32/44CR[5] four-stroke medium-speed diesel generators producing electricity for two 4.5-megawatt (6,000 hp) propulsion motors driving twin shaft lines with bolted propellers.[6]

Sensors

[edit]

In September 2015, it was announced that the ships would be outfitted with SAGEM BlueNaute inertial navigation systems.[83] On 7 October 2015, Thales IFF system was selected for use on the class.[84] Terma currently provides its SCANTER 6002 surveillance radar system to Lockheed Martin Canada as part of the Combat Management System (CMS 330), which was selected by Irving Shipbuilding Inc. for the AOPS.[85] The vessel also has Kelvin Hughes SharpEye X and S-band navigation radars.[86]

Coast Guard version

[edit]

The Canadian Coast Guard version will be built to a slightly modified design. Modifications include a new bridge layout and accommodations for a non-military crew subject to Transport Canada requirements. Some areas are to be changed to meet the needs of coast guard equipment and there will be modifications to the deck.[87] Despite the supposedly limited modifications, the cost of the two Coast Guard variants was reported in 2022 as likely to be significantly higher than that of the naval variants.[88] In 2023, it was reported that the cost of the two Coast Guard variants had increased by a further $100 million, going from $1.5 billion to $1.6 billion.[21] A further increase to $2.1 billion was reported in early 2024.[3] The first of the Coast Guard ships was laid down during a ceremony on 31 July 2024.[89] The first ship is named CCGS Donjek Glacier after Donjek Glacier in Kluane National Park in Yukon. While the second Coast Guard ship named CGS Sermilik Glacier takes its name from Sermilik Glacier found in Sirmilik National Park in Nunavut.

Ships in class

[edit]
Class Ship name Number First steel cut Laid down Launched Delivered Commissioned Northern affiliation Status
Harry DeWolf class Harry DeWolf AOPV 430[90] 1 September 2015[91] 11 March 2016 15 September 2018[92] 31 July 2020[93] 26 June 2021[94] Qikiqtani Ship in active service[95]
Margaret Brooke AOPV 431[90] August 2016[55] 29 May 2017[96] 10 November 2019 15 July 2021[97] 28 October 2022[98] Nunatsiavut Ship in active service[99]
Max Bernays AOPV 432[90] 19 December 2017[57] 5 December 2018[100] 23 October 2021[101] 2 September 2022[102] 3 May 2024[103] Kitikmeot Ship in active service[103]
William Hall AOPV 433[90] 3 May 2019[58] 17 February 2021[104] 27 November 2022[105] 31 August 2023[106] 16 May 2024[107] Kivalliq Ship in active service[107]
Frédérick Rolette AOPV 434[90] May 2021[60] 29 June 2022[108] 9 December 2023[109] 29 August 2024[110] Nunavik Delivered[110]
Robert Hampton Gray[111][48] AOPV 435[90] August 2022[61] 21 August 2023[112] 9 December 2024[113] Inuvialuit Fitting out[114]
AOPS – Coast Guard variant Donjek Glacier 8 August 2023[115] 31 July 2024[89] Projected 2026 Under construction
Sermilik Glacier 28 June 2024[116] Projected 2027 Under construction

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Harper Government Awards Shipbuilding Contract That Supports Jobs Across Canada" (Press release). Government of Canada. 23 January 2015. Archived from the original on 3 August 2015. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
  2. ^ a b c Gunn, Andrea (6 November 2018). "Sixth Arctic and offshore patrol ship about readiness, not fairness, experts say". The Chronicle Herald. Archived from the original on 14 November 2019. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
  3. ^ a b Pugliese, David (17 January 2024). "Cost of Canadian Coast Guard patrol ships jumps by $500 million in less than a year, MPs told". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d Pugliese, David (16 January 2015). "Arctic Offshore Patrol Ships to be constructed in three "mega blocks"". Defence Watch. Ottawa Citizen. Archived from the original on 30 January 2015. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  5. ^ a b c "Harry DeWolf (4702503)". Sea-web. S&P Global. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
  6. ^ a b c d "Arctic/Offshore Patrol Ships". Royal Canadian Navy. January 2015. Archived from the original on 31 October 2015. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
  7. ^ a b "Harry DeWolf class fact sheet". www.canada.ca. 21 March 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  8. ^ "Royal Canadian Navy's OPV HMCS Max Bernays starts sea trials". Navy Recognition. 26 July 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  9. ^ "Largest Active Combat Ship Built in Canada - HMCS Harry Dewolf - Commissioned Today" (Press release). Irving Shipbuilding. 26 June 2021.
  10. ^ "Irving Shipbuilding Selects Rosborough Boats to supply Multi-Role Rescue Boats for AOPS vessels". Irving Shipbuilding. 13 March 2017. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
  11. ^ "ABCO Industries to Build 12m Landing Craft for Royal Canadian Navy". Baird Maritime. 17 October 2018. Archived from the original on 11 October 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  12. ^ "Dep't of National Defence / Canadian Forces News Release Armed Naval Icebreakers – the Arctic/Offshore Patrol Ships". Canadian American Strategic Review. 10 July 2007. Archived from the original on 24 August 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  13. ^ "Background — AOPS Arctic Offshore Patrol Ship Icebreaker". Canadian American Strategic Review. April 2009. Archived from the original on 12 April 2009. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  14. ^ "Defining and Managing the Canadian Forces Arctic Offshore Patrol Ship Project". Canadian American Strategic Review. June 2008. Archived from the original on 24 August 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  15. ^ "Arctic Offshore Patrol Ship — Proposed Ship Capabilities & Technical Statement of Operational Requirement Features". Canadian American Strategic Review. Archived from the original on 24 August 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  16. ^ "Background – Armed Naval Icebreaker / Arctic Offshore Patrol Ship". Canadian American Strategic Review. Archived from the original on 24 August 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  17. ^ Daly, Stephen (June 2010). "A Pregnant Pause? The National Shipbuilding Procurement Strategy Presents an Opportunity to Shift Priorities to Sovereignty Assertion: A Modest Proposal". Canadian American Strategic Review. Archived from the original on 1 April 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2015. Limited as an icebreaker, critics have disparaged AOPS as 'slush breakers' of limited utility. As offshore patrol vessels (OPVs), AOPS are burdened with the vast weight of icebreaking hulls unnecessary for that role. Carrying that extra bulk around in temperate seas mean that AOPS will be relatively slow while fuel costs and similar operating expenses are very high.
  18. ^ a b "Arctic patrol ship could have double acting hullform". Warship Technology. March 2009. Archived from the original on 9 October 2012.
  19. ^ a b Travers, James (10 July 2007). "Arctic issues make for good politics". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  20. ^ a b Milewski, Terry (2 May 2013). "Shipbuilding contract holds $250M mystery". CBC News. Archived from the original on 7 September 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  21. ^ a b Pugliese, David (5 January 2023). "Cost of new Arctic patrol ships jumps by $780 million". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  22. ^ a b c "Arctic and offshore patrol ships". Government of Canada. 13 March 2013. Archived from the original on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  23. ^ "Halifax Shipyard launches Canada's lead Arctic and Offshore Patrol Vessel". Irving Halifax Shipyard. Archived from the original on 16 September 2018. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
  24. ^ "Halifax Shipyard launches second AOPS ship for Canadian Navy". naval-technology.com. 12 November 2019. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  25. ^ "Irving Shipbuilding launches future HMCS Max Bernays Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship for Canadian Navy". Archived from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  26. ^ "New ships for navy, coast guard". CBC News. 13 November 2013. Archived from the original on 8 January 2015. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  27. ^ "First new Arctic offshore patrol ship to be named HMCS Harry DeWolf". CBC News. 19 September 2014. Archived from the original on 1 December 2014. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  28. ^ Doucette, Keith (19 December 2017). "Construction begins on 3rd Arctic patrol vessel at Halifax Shipyard". CBC News. The Canadian Press. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  29. ^ a b "Canada receives first new Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship". Mirage News. 1 August 2020. Archived from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  30. ^ "Coast Guard to get two new Arctic patrol ships". Nunatsiaq News. 22 May 2019. Archived from the original on 13 August 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  31. ^ "Tories' ambitious defence plan needs more money". CTV News. 18 February 2006. Archived from the original on 10 May 2009. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  32. ^ DeMille, Diane; Priestley, Stephen (22 December 2005). "Stephen Harper announces the new defence policy put forward by the Conservative Party of Canada – Pt 2". Canadian American Strategic Review. Archived from the original on 25 September 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  33. ^ Priestley, Stephen (April 2006). "Armed Icebreakers and Arctic Ports for Canada's North? Costing Three New Canadian Heavy Armed Icebreakers". Canadian American Strategic Review. Archived from the original on 25 September 2008. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  34. ^ O'Connor, Gordon J. (9 July 2007). "Speaking Notes for The Honourable Gordon J. O'Connor, PC, MP Minister of National Defence". Ministry of National Defence. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  35. ^ Kives, Bartley (28 February 2008). "Red Amundsen our flag in white Arctic". Winnipeg Free Press. Retrieved 1 March 2008.[dead link‍] Alt URL Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  36. ^ "Canadian Sovereignty". New Democratic Party. Archived from the original on 30 September 2008.
  37. ^ Kendrick, A. (March 2005). "Integration of Polar Classes and Arctic Ice Regime Shipping System". NRC-CNRC. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 14 June 2010.
  38. ^ Woods, Allan (19 October 2011). "Two winners and one big loser in contest to build military ships". The Star. Toronto. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  39. ^ "PM announces the name of the first of the Royal Canadian Navy's Arctic/Offshore Patrol Ships". Prime Minister of Canada. 18 September 2014. Archived from the original on 22 September 2014. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  40. ^ Pugliese, David (4 December 2014). "DND to go to Treasury Board for more money for Arctic Offshore Patrol Ships". Defence Watch. Ottawa Citizen. Archived from the original on 5 December 2014. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  41. ^ Cudmore, James (16 January 2015). "Canada's navy to get 5 or 6 Arctic ships, not 8". CBC News. Archived from the original on 17 January 2015. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  42. ^ "New Royal Canadian Navy ship to be named after naval hero of SS Caribou sinking" (Press release). Government of Canada. 13 April 2015. Archived from the original on 14 April 2015. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
  43. ^ Pugliese, David (26 May 2015). "Arctic Offshore Patrol Ship named after naval hero". Defence Watch. Ottawa Citizen. Archived from the original on 27 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
  44. ^ "Navy's new patrol ship named after Wolfville naval hero William Hall". CTV News. Canadian Press. 26 June 2015. Archived from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  45. ^ Mellor, Clare (26 June 2015). "New naval ship to be named for William Hall". Chronicle Herald. Archived from the original on 30 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  46. ^ "HMCS Frédérick Rolette name of navy's new Arctic patrol ship". CBC News. 16 July 2015. Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
  47. ^ "Ottawa buys another Arctic and offshore patrol ship to be built in Halifax". CBC News. 2 November 2018. Archived from the original on 2 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2018.
  48. ^ a b "Sixth Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship to be named in honour of Canadian naval hero, Robert Hampton Gray". Mirage News. 11 August 2020. Archived from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  49. ^ Gunn, Andrea (7 November 2018). "Steel costs for sixth patrol vessel could be steeper". Halifax Chronicle Herald. Archived from the original on 28 December 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
  50. ^ Berthiaume, Lee (21 May 2019). "Federal government to buy two more Arctic ships from Irving to prevent layoffs". CBC News. Archived from the original on 22 May 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  51. ^ "Maritime Engineering Journal No. 102 – Fall 2022" (PDF).
  52. ^ Brooks, Patricia (18 June 2015). "Arctic patrol vessels 'really have started' construction, says Irving president". Chronicle Herald. Archived from the original on 19 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  53. ^ "Timeline". Irving Shipyards. 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 20 December 2016.
  54. ^ Gunn, Andrea (10 June 2016). "Irving, Royal Canadian Navy celebrate construction milestone with wolf coin". Chronicle Herald. Archived from the original on 2 October 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  55. ^ a b "First Arctic patrol ship by Irving is a 'significant challenge': president". Global News. The Canadian Press. 7 September 2016. Archived from the original on 8 September 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  56. ^ "First Arctic patrol ship clicks into place at Halifax Shipyard". CBC News. The Canadian Press. 8 December 2017. Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  57. ^ a b "Procurement minister cuts first steel for third Arctic patrol vessel". Chronicle Herald. The Canadian Press. 19 December 2017. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
  58. ^ a b "Minister Sajjan marks the start of construction for the fourth Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship" (Press release). Government of Canada. 3 May 2019. Archived from the original on 3 May 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  59. ^ "Halifax Shipyard launches Canada's second Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship" (Press release). Irving Shipbuilding. 10 November 2019. Archived from the original on 13 November 2019. Retrieved 13 November 2019 – via Globe Newswire.
  60. ^ a b "Production of Canada's Fifth Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship Underway With Cutting of First Steel for the Future HMCS Frédérick Rolette" (Press release). Irving Shipbuilding. 20 May 2021. Archived from the original on 21 May 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021 – via Globe Newswire.
  61. ^ a b "Production of Canada's Sixth and Final Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship for the Royal Canadian Navy Underway with Cutting of First Steel for the Future HMCS Robert Hampton Gray". GlobeNewswire. 15 August 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  62. ^ Pugliese, David (19 March 2020). "Construction of new Arctic ships, maintenance of frigates halted because of COVID-19". Ottawa Citizen. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  63. ^ Gale, Kimberly (4 January 2023). "Irving, Ottawa finalize deal for new coast guard ships". CBC News. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  64. ^ Pugliese, David (15 December 2022). "Sailors provided with bottled water after lead contamination concerns on new Arctic patrol ships". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  65. ^ "Royal Canadian Navy to Commission HMCS Harry DeWolf - Overt Defense". 24 June 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  66. ^ "Arctic patrol ship headed for "disaster", says report". CBC News. Ottawa. 11 April 2013. Archived from the original on 23 August 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  67. ^ Mader, Les (9 August 2022). "NSS - Needed: More Facts - Less Hyperbole". Canadian Naval Review – Broadsides Discussion Forum. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  68. ^ Wentzell, Brian K. (2019). Griffiths, Ann L. (ed.). "Arctic Amphibious Capabilities for Canada?" (PDF). Canadian Naval Review. Vol. 15, no. 2. Antigonish, Nova Scotia: St Francis Xavier University. pp. 34–37. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 27 January 2021. and Mader, Les. "3rd Special Service Force: A Paratroop/Marine Infantry Arctic Contingency Force For Canada?" (PDF). The Canadian Army Journal. 19 (2): 70–75. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  69. ^ Our North, Strong and Free: A Renewed Vision for Canada's Defence (PDF). Government of Canada (Report). 2024. p. 25. ISBN 978-0-660-71262-8. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
  70. ^ "Harry DeWolf class Northern Affiliation". Government of Canada. 21 March 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
  71. ^ Seymour, Bailey (10 June 2024). "CFB Esquimalt techs hope for change amid record-low navy recruitment". Victoria News. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  72. ^ Royal Canadian Navy (27 November 2023). "The state of the Royal Canadian Navy". Retrieved 29 February 2024 – via YouTube.com.
  73. ^ Griffiths, Ann (2024). "Interview with Rear-Admiral Josee Kurtz". Canadian Naval Review. Vol. 20, no. 1. pp. 8 and 9.
  74. ^ "U.S. Second Fleet Completes Operation Nanook 2024 with Multinational Partners". United States Navy. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  75. ^ "Arctic patrol ship could have double-acting hullform", Warship Technology, The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, pp. 12–15, March 2009
  76. ^ Lougheed, Daniel (2022), "The Balancing Act between Ice Breaking and Open Ocean Seakeeping in the Design of the Harry DeWolf Class" (PDF), Maritime Engineering Journal, no. 102, Director General Maritime Equipment Program Management, pp. 23–26, ISSN 0713-0058
  77. ^ "Arctic and Offshore Patrol Vessel" (PDF). Naval Affairs Program Briefing #14. Naval Association of Canada. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  78. ^ "Halifax Shipyard Delivers HMCS Harry DeWolf, Lead Vessel in Canada's New Arctic And Offshore Patrol Vessel Class". Irving Halifax Shipyard. 31 July 2020. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  79. ^ "Harry DeWolf class fact sheet". www.canada.ca. 21 March 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  80. ^ "BAE Systems' Naval Guns Chosen For Canadian Arctic Patrol Ships". BusinessWire. 18 August 2015. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2015.
  81. ^ "OSI Maritime Systems Ltd. Selected to Design Integrated Bridge and Navigation Subsystem for the Royal Canadian Navy's Arctic/Offshore Patrol Ship Project" (PDF) (Press release). OSI Maritime Systems Ltd. 19 February 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  82. ^ "OSI Maritime Systems Signs Contract for the Implementation Phase of Integrated Navigation and Bridge Systems for the Royal Canadian Navy's Arctic Offshore Patrol Ship Program" (PDF). OSI Maritime Systems Ltd. 19 May 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  83. ^ "Sagem's BlueNaute Navigation System Chosen for Canada's New Offshore Patrol Vessels". Newswire Today. 16 September 2015. Archived from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2015.
  84. ^ "Thales IFF equipment for Canadian OPVs". shephardmedia.com. 8 October 2015. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  85. ^ "Toronto-based tech company seizing opportunities as a result of Canada's AOPS program". Irving Shipyard. 16 October 2017. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  86. ^ "cmano-db.com". cmano-db.com. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  87. ^ Pugliese, David (7 February 2020). "Irving to receive $58 million for 'minimal' changes to new Coast Guard ships". Ottawa Citizen. Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  88. ^ Pugliese, David (23 March 2022). "Two coast guard Arctic ships to cost $1.5 billion, double the price of same vessels for navy". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
  89. ^ a b Guard, Canadian Coast (31 July 2024). "Canadian Coast Guard celebrates new Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ships shipbuilding milestones". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  90. ^ a b c d e f "Arctic/Offshore Patrol Ships". Royal Canadian Navy. Archived from the original on 29 September 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  91. ^ "Irving Shipbuilding to cut steel on first Arctic patrol ships". CBC. 1 September 2015. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  92. ^ "What's that in the harbour? An Arctic and offshore patrol ship". CBC News. 15 September 2018. Archived from the original on 15 September 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
  93. ^ "Government of Canada receives first new Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship" (Press release). Department of National Defence of Canada. 31 July 2020. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  94. ^ "Her Majesty's Canadian Ship Harry DeWolf becomes the First Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship Commissioned by the Royal Canadian Navy" (Press release). Department of National Defence of Canada. 26 June 2021. Archived from the original on 26 June 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  95. ^ Melanson, Ryan (25 June 2021). "HMCS Harry DeWolf: RCN to commission first new ship in over two decades". Government of Canada. Archived from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  96. ^ "Keel-laying ceremony for HMCS Margaret Brooke marks a shipbuilding milestone" (Press release). Department of National Defence of Canada. 29 May 2017. Archived from the original on 1 June 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  97. ^ "Irving Shipbuilding delivers second Arctic patrol warship to Royal Canadian Navy". CTV News. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  98. ^ "His Majesty's Canadian Ship Margaret Brooke commissioned into service" (Press release). Department of National Defence of Canada. 28 October 2022. Archived from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
  99. ^ "His Majesty's Canadian Ship Margaret Brooke commissioned into service" (Press release). Department of National Defence of Canada. 28 October 2022. Archived from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
  100. ^ "Another important shipbuilding milestone: the third Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship receives its lucky coin" (Press release). Department of National Defence of Canada. 6 December 2018. Archived from the original on 7 December 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
  101. ^ "Irving Shipbuilding launches future HMCS Max Bernays Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship for Canadian Navy". navyrecognition.com. 23 October 2021. Archived from the original on 23 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  102. ^ "Third new Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship delivered to Canada" (Press release). Department of National Defence of Canada. 2 September 2022. Archived from the original on 4 September 2022. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
  103. ^ a b Defence, National (3 May 2024). "HMCS Max Bernays Commissioned today in Vancouver, B.C." www.canada.ca. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
  104. ^ Withers, Paul (17 February 2021). "Ceremony in Halifax marks 1st navy vessel named for Black Canadian". CBC News. Archived from the original on 17 February 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  105. ^ Sword, Pam. "PHOTOS: It's a bouncing baby patrol ship! Future HMCS William Hall launched in Halifax | SaltWire". www.saltwire.com. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  106. ^ "HMCS William Hall, Canada's Fourth Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship (AOPS) in the new DeWolf Class is Delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy". Shipsforcanada.ca (Press release). Irving Shipbuilding. 31 August 2023. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  107. ^ a b "HMCS William Hall Commissioned into Service in Halifax, N.S." Government of Canada. 16 May 2024. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
  108. ^ "Keel Laid for 5th Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship (AOPS) the future HMCS Frédérick Rolette". Shipsforcanada.ca (Press release). Irving Shipbuilding. 29 June 2022. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
  109. ^ "Halifax Shipyard launches Canada's fifth Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship". shipsforcanada.ca. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  110. ^ a b "The future HMCS Frédérick Rolette, Canada's Fifth Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship is Delivered to the Royal Canadian Navy". Irving Shipbuilding Inc. 29 August 2024. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
  111. ^ "Robert Hampton Gray (4702553)". Sea-web. S&P Global. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
  112. ^ "Keel Laid for 6th Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship (AOPS) the future HMCS Robert Hampton Gray". Shipsforcanada.ca (Press release). Irving Shipbuilding. 21 August 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
  113. ^ @@IrvingShipbuild (9 December 2024). "It's launch day for the future HMCS Robert Hampton Gray. The sixth and final Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship for the @RoyalCanNavy is in position to be floated off the barge. We are preparing to launch AOPS #6 later this afternoon" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  114. ^ Manuel, Rojeff (10 December 2024). "Irving Launches Final Canadian Navy Harry DeWolf Arctic Patrol Ship". The Defense Post. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  115. ^ "Construction officially begins on the first Canadian Coast Guard Arctic and Offshore Patrol Ship". Government of Canada. 8 August 2023. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  116. ^ "Irving Shipbuilding Begins Construction of the Production Test Module for the Canadian Surface Combatant and Cuts Steel on AOPS 8". Irving Shipbuilding. 28 June 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Harry DeWolf-class offshore patrol vessels.
Retrieved from "https://wiki.riteme.site/w/index.php?title=Harry_DeWolf-class_offshore_patrol_vessel&oldid=1262600712"