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William Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland

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His Grace
The Duke of Portland
PC
Portrait by Francis Grant, c. 1852
Lord Privy Seal
In office
30 April 1827 – July 1827
MonarchGeorge IV
Prime MinisterGeorge Canning
Preceded byThe Earl of Westmorland
Succeeded byThe Earl of Carlisle
Lord President of the Council
In office
17 August 1827 – 21 January 1828
MonarchGeorge IV
Prime MinisterThe Viscount Goderich
Preceded byThe Earl of Harrowby
Succeeded byThe Earl Bathurst
Member of Parliament for Petersfield
In office
29 December 1790 – 18 April 1791
Preceded byHon. George North
William Jolliffe
Succeeded byWelbore Ellis
William Jolliffe
Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire
In office
18 April 1791 – 30 October 1809
Preceded byThe Earl Verney
James Grenville
Succeeded byEarl Temple
William Selby Lowndes
Personal details
Born
William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck

(1768-06-24)24 June 1768
London, England[1]
Died27 March 1854(1854-03-27) (aged 85)
Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, England
Political partyConservative
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1795; died 1844)​
Children9, including William, John, George, and Henry
Parent(s)William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland
Lady Dorothy Cavendish

William Henry Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland, PC (24 June 1768 – 27 March 1854), styled Marquess of Titchfield until 1809, was a British politician who served in various positions in the governments of George Canning and Lord Goderich.

Background and education

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Portland was the eldest son of Prime Minister William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland and Lady Dorothy, daughter of William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire and Charlotte Boyle, Baroness Clifford. He was the elder brother of Lord William Bentinck and Lord Charles Bentinck.[2]

He was educated first in Ealing under the tutelage of Samuel Goodenough graduating in 1774, followed by Westminster School (1783). He attended Christ Church, Oxford for two years but did not take a degree.[1] The third Duke, who spared no expense for his heir, sent him to The Hague in 1786 for experience working with the crown's envoy, Sir James Harris. He returned in 1789.[3]

He later received an honorary degree of Doctor of Civil Law from Oxford in 1793.[1] He also served as a Family Trustee of the British Museum;[2] in 1810, he loaned the famed Portland Vase to the museum.[4]

Political career

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William Henry Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland, as a child

Portland was Member of Parliament for Petersfield between 1790 and 1791 and for Buckinghamshire between 1791 and 1809.[3]

He served under his father as a Lord of the Treasury between March and September 1807. He remained out of office until April 1827 when he was appointed Lord Privy Seal by his brother-in-law George Canning.[5] He was sworn of the Privy Council the same year.[5] When Lord Goderich became Prime Minister in August 1827, Portland became Lord President of the Council,[6] an office he retained until the government fell in January 1828. Over time the Duke became less of a staunch Conservative, softening to some of the more liberal stances of Canning.[1]

Portland also held the honorary post of Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex between 1794 and 1841.

Family

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Portland married Henrietta, eldest daughter and heiress of Major-General John Scott of Fife and his wife Margaret (née Dundas), in London on 4 August 1795. At the time of his marriage he obtained Royal Licence to take the name and arms of Scott in addition to that of Cavendish-Bentinck. They were parents of nine children:[2][7]

Death and legacy

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The Duchess of Portland died on 24 April 1844.[1] Nearly 10 years later, Portland died at the family seat of Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, in March 1854, aged 85. Two of their sons predeceased their parents; their eldest dying of a brain lesion and their third son dying of a heart attack.

The duke expressed a desire to be buried in the open churchyard in Bolsover, Derbyshire, near the other family seat at Bolsover Castle. However, he was instead interred in the ancient Cavendish vault, that had previously been unopened for 138 years.[7]

He was succeeded in the dukedom by his second son (but the eldest surviving), William.

The department of Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham holds a number of papers relating to Portland: His personal and political papers are part of the Portland (Welbeck) Collection while the Portland (London) Collection contains papers relating to his estate business. The Portland Estate Papers held at Nottinghamshire Archives also contain items relating to Portland's properties.

Arms

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Coat of arms of William Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland
Notes
The title Duke of Portland was created by George I in 1716 .
Coronet
A Coronet of a Duke
Crest
Out of a ducal coronet proper two arms counter-embowed vested Gules, on the hands gloves Or, each holding an ostrich feather Argent (Bentinck); A snake nowed proper (Cavendish)
Escutcheon
Quarterly: 1st and 4th, Azure a cross moline Argent (Bentinck); 2nd and 3rd, Sable three stags' heads cabossed Argent attired Or, a crescent for difference (Cavendish)
Supporters
Two lions double queued, the dexter Or and the sinister sable
Motto
Craignez Honte (Fear Dishonour)

Titles

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His full titles were Duke of Portland, Marquess of Titchfield, Earl of Portland, Viscount Woodstock, and Baron Cirencester.[2]

  • The Most Honourable William Cavendish-Bentinck, Marquess of Titchfield (1768–1795)
  • The Most Honourable William Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, Marquess of Titchfield (1795–1809)
  • His Grace The Duke of Portland (1809–1854)

Ancestors

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e "Death of the Duke of Portland". The Times. 29 March 1854. p. 11.
  2. ^ a b c d Debrett, John (1828). Debrett's Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: Volume 1. Debrett's. p. 31.
  3. ^ a b "CAVENDISH BENTINCK (afterwards CAVENDISH SCOTT BENTINCK), William Henry, Mq. of Titchfield (1768–1854), of Welbeck Abbey, Notts". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
  4. ^ "The conservation history of the Portland Vase". British Museum. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
  5. ^ a b "No. 18357". The London Gazette. 1 May 1827. p. 961.
  6. ^ "No. 18389". The London Gazette. 21 August 1827. p. 1785.
  7. ^ a b "Funeral of the Duke of Portland". The Times. 5 April 1854. p. 12.
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Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Petersfield
1790–1791
With: William Jolliffe 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire
1791–1800
With: James Grenville 1790–1797
Earl Temple 1797–1800 		Succeeded by
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
Parliament of Great Britain
 Member of Parliament for Buckinghamshire
1801–1809
With: Earl Temple 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Lord Privy Seal
1827 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
—
 Minister without Portfolio
1827 		Succeeded by
—
Preceded by Lord President of the Council
1827–1828 		Succeeded by
Honorary titles
Preceded by
In Commission
 Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex
1794–1841 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Custos Rotulorum of Middlesex
1794–1841
Peerage of Great Britain
Preceded by Duke of Portland
1809–1854 		Succeeded by
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