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2022 Slovenian parliamentary election

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2022 Slovenian parliamentary election
← 2018 24 April 2022 Next →
All 90 seats in the National Assembly
46 seats needed for a majority
Turnout70.96% (Increase 18.33pp)
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Robert Golob Janez Janša Matej Tonin
Party GS SDS NSi
Last election Did not exist 24.92%, 25 seats 7.16%, 7 seats
Seats won 41 27 8
Seat change New Increase 2 Increase 1
Popular vote 410,769 279,897 81,794
Percentage 34.45% 23.48% 6.86%
Swing New Decrease 1.44pp Decrease 0.30pp
  Fourth party Fifth party
 
Leader Tanja Fajon Luka Mesec
Party SD Levica
Last election 9.93%, 10 seats 9.33%, 9 seats
Seats won 7 5
Seat change Decrease 3 Decrease 4
Popular vote 79,709 53,234
Percentage 6.69% 4.46%
Swing Decrease 3.24pp Decrease 4.87pp
Map of the election results, showing the seats won by each party in each of the 8 multi-member constituencies.
Prime Minister before election

Janez Janša
SDS

Elected Prime Minister

Robert Golob
GS

Parliamentary elections were held in Slovenia on 24 April 2022 to elect all 90 members of the National Assembly.[1][2]

The ruling Slovenian Democratic Party (SDS), led by prime minister Janez Janša, conceded and was defeated by Robert Golob and his Freedom Movement (GS). New Slovenia (NSi) placed third, and was followed by the Social Democrats (SD) and The Left (Levica), both of which suffered some losses. The Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia and the Party of Alenka Bratušek fell below the 4% electoral threshold and won no seats. Turnout stood at 70%, a substantial increase compared to previous two elections (52.63% in 2018 and 51.71% in 2014).[3] Internationally, the election has been described as a defeat for Janša and right-wing populism, Janša being a supporter of former US president Donald Trump and an ally of Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orbán.[4][5]

Following the election, the Freedom Movement formed a three-party centre-left coalition government with the Social Democrats and The Left, with Robert Golob heading the 15th Government as the next prime minister.[6]

Electoral system

[edit]

The 90 members of the National Assembly are elected by two methods. 88 are elected by open list proportional representation in eight 11-seat constituencies and seats are allocated to the parties at the constituency level using the Droop quota. The elected Deputies are identified by ranking all of a party's candidates in a constituency by the percentage of votes they received in their district. The seats that remain unallocated are allocated to the parties at the national level using the D'Hondt method with an electoral threshold of 4%.[7] Although the country is divided into 88 electoral districts, deputies are not elected from all 88 districts. More than one deputy is elected in some districts, which results in some districts not having an elected deputy (for instance, 21 of 88 electoral districts did not have an elected deputy in the 2014 elections).[8] Parties must have at least 35% of their lists from each gender, except in cases where there are only three candidates. For these lists, there must be at least one candidate of each gender.[9][10]

Two additional deputies are elected by the Italian and Hungarian minorities via the Borda count.[11][7]

Campaign

[edit]

President Borut Pahor signed a decree for the election to be held on 24 April 2022. Pahor explained that he will nominate a prime minister based on the composition of the parliament, requesting leaders of parliamentary groups to put forward at least 46 signatures.[12] Prime Minister Janez Janša tested positive for COVID-19 on the same day.[13]

Following the decision of the ECtHR in The Committee for the organization and registration of the Romanian Communist Party v. Romania case in which the ECtHR confirmed Romania's decision to refuse to register a political party that did not distance itself from the former communist regime, Vili Kovačič asked the Constitutional Court to decide on the constitutionality of The Left's program and actions of The Left and Social Democrats. The latter is the legal successor of the League of Communists of Slovenia.[14] The Constitutional Court rejected Vili Kovačič's proposal to decide on constitutionality of The Left's program and actions of The Left and Social Democrats as groundless.[15]

Aleksandra Pivec submitted 1500 signatures to support Our Country's candidate lists. She also stated that MPs Branko Simonovič and Ivan Hršak of DeSUS may join her party.[16] DeSUS and LIDE decided to form a joint candidate lists for the election.[17] Karl Erjavec, former leader of DeSUS, said in an interview that DeSUS is a failed party and that connecting with LIDE will not have a positive effect in the election. He was critical of the DeSUS MPs and Igor Zorčič, who did not support the vote of no confidence after which Erjavec would become prime minister. He added, that he might re-enter politics, but not through DeSUS, and that he has several offers from other parties.[18] The LIDE party authorized party president Igor Zorčič to form a joint list of candidates with DeSUS and the LDS.[19] Later LIDE announced that it would not participate in the election. DeSUS did not want broader coalition with other parties and therefore rejected an agreement offered by LIDE. LIDE's leader Igor Zorčič stated that party will skip parliamentary election and focus on presidential and local elections, which will be held later this year.[20] DeSUS announced that it will run in the elections on its own after refusing to form a joint list with the LIDE.[21]

The Commission for the Prevention of Corruption announced that it had not found any violations regarding the vacations of Prime Minister Janez Janša with some businessmen and stopped the investigation.[22] After the investigation of the procurement of protective equipment in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Commission for the Prevention of Corruption (KPK) found a violation of the integrity by the Minister of the Economy Zdravko Počivalšek. Počivalšek stated that he will not resign and that the KPK's opinion tells more about the KPK itself.[23] Robert Golob found himself under police investigation after he was accused of receiving too high a salary as a CEO of the state-owned GEN-I and therefore violating the so-called "Lahkovnik" Act, which regulates the salaries of management bodies of state-owned companies.[24]

Speaker Igor Zorčič, former member of the Modern Centre Party, founded a new party called Liberal Democrats.[25] Robert Golob, former State Secretary in the Ministry of Economy in Prime Minister Drnovšek's cabinet and CEO of GEN-i, was elected president of the Green Actions Party, renaming it to the Freedom Movement. Igor Zorčič announced that the Liberal Democrats will not form a coalition with the Freedom Movement, which was a mutual decision of both parties. Allegedly, Freedom Movement's leader Golob only offered Zorčič to be a candidate on his party's candidate list, and not a joint list.[26] Whistleblower Ivan Gale became president of the Our Future party, and former European Commissioner Violeta Bulc was elected vice president.[27] Smiljan Mekicar of Good Country party confirmed that they will form a joint list with Gale's Our Future party and some other parties and lists.[28]

RTV Slovenia, the public broadcaster, rejected Freedom Movement's request to recognize them as a parliamentary party.[29] RTV Slovenia recognized Aleksandra Pivec's Our Country party as a parliamentary party, which by law allows it to participate in electoral debates with other parliamentary parties. RTV Slovenia recognized Our Country as the successor to DeSUS, because Aleksandra Pivec was elected president of DeSUS, but then resigned and founded a new party, which was joined by several former members of DeSUS. According to RTV Slovenia, the situation was the same as in the case of the Alliance of Alenka Bratušek before the 2014 elections. Alenka Bratušek was elected president of Positive Slovenia, then resigned and founded a new party, which included several members of Positive Slovenia. RTV Slovenia granted the Alliance of Alenka Bratušek parliamentary status.[30] Freedom Movement was granted parliamentary status after it won a suit against RTV Slovenia for political discrimination.[31]

Parties and coalitions

[edit]

The following parties and lists have seats in the current National Assembly before the election:

Party/List Main ideology Leader Seats in the National Assembly
2018 election Before the 2022 election
SDS Slovenian Democratic Party
Slovenska demokratska stranka 		National conservatism Janez Janša
25 / 90
26 / 90
LMŠ List of Marjan Šarec
Lista Marjana Šarca 		Social liberalism Marjan Šarec
13 / 90
14 / 90
SD Social Democrats
Socialni demokrati 		Social democracy Tanja Fajon
10 / 90
13 / 90
Levica The Left
Levica 		Democratic socialism Luka Mesec
9 / 90
7 / 90
NSi New Slovenia
Nova Slovenija 		Christian democracy Matej Tonin
7 / 90
7 / 90
SAB Party of Alenka Bratušek
Stranka Alenke Bratušek 		Social liberalism Alenka Bratušek
5 / 90
6 / 90
DeSUS Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia
Demokratična stranka upokojencev Slovenije 		Pensioners' interests Ljubo Jasnič [sl]
5 / 90
4 / 90
PoS Let's Connect Slovenia
Povežimo Slovenijo 		Concretely
Konkretno 		Liberalism Zdravko Počivalšek
10 / 90
4 / 90
Slovenian People's Party
Slovenska ljudska stranka 		Conservatism Marjan Podobnik [sl]
0 / 90
0 / 90
Greens of Slovenia
Zeleni Slovenije 		Green conservatism Andrej Čuš [sl]
0 / 90
0 / 90
New People's Party
Nova ljudska stranka 		Conservatism Željko Vogrin [sl]
0 / 90
0 / 90
New Social Democracy
Nova socialdemokracija 		Christian socialism Andrej Magajna [sl]
0 / 90
0 / 90
SNS Slovenian National Party
Slovenska nacionalna stranka 		Nationalism Zmago Jelinčič
4 / 90
3 / 90
GS Freedom Movement
Gibanje svoboda 		Green liberalism Robert Golob New
2 / 90
ND Our Country
Naša dežela 		Agrarianism Aleksandra Pivec New
1 / 90

Other parties

[edit]

Parties that fulfill the criteria

[edit]
X Constituency with submitted list of candidates
Rejected list of candidates

Opinion polls

[edit]
Main article: Opinion polling for the 2022 Slovenian parliamentary election
Polls since the 2018 election
Polls since the 2018 election

Results

[edit]

The turnout in the vote was 70%, according to the electoral commission. Experts said that was well above the national average. Peter Merše, a political analyst, said; "The biggest winner is of course the Freedom Movement. Slovenia is once again experimenting with new faces, with people we have hardly even heard of before."[34] The voter turnout at early election, that took place from 19 to 21 April, was 7.67%, which was the record turnout for early voting both in election and referendums.[35]

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Freedom Movement410,76934.4541New
Slovenian Democratic Party279,89723.4827+2
New Slovenia – Christian Democrats81,7946.868+1
Social Democrats79,7096.697–3
The Left53,2344.465–4
List of Marjan Šarec44,4013.720–13
Let's Connect Slovenia40,6123.410–10
Resni.ca34,1072.860New
Party of Alenka Bratušek31,1172.610–5
Healthy Society Movement [sl]21,0211.760New
Our Future [sl] and Good State20,2791.7000
Pirate Party19,4801.6300
Our Country17,8461.500New
Slovenian National Party17,7361.490–4
Vesna – Green Party16,0891.350New
For the People of Slovenia [sl]8,3400.700New
Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia7,8400.660–5
List of Boris Popovič – Let's Digitize Slovenia [sl]5,1740.430New
Homeland League (Slovenia) [sl]2,1170.180New
Liberate Slovenia Alliance5630.050New
United Slovenia Movement [sl]1680.0100
Italian and Hungarian national minorities20
Total1,192,293100.00900
Valid votes1,192,29399.08
Invalid/blank votes11,0800.92
Total votes1,203,373100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,695,77170.96
Source: [1]

Aftermath

[edit]

The Freedom Movement led by Robert Golob, a former executive of a state-owned energy company, won 41 seats. It had campaigned on a transition to green energy, an open society and the rule of law. The Slovenian Democratic Party of incumbent prime minister Janez Janša finished second and won 27 seats. New Slovenia – Christian Democrats finished third and won 8 seats, followed by the Social Democrats with 7 seats and The Left with 5 seats. Golob, speaking to party headquarters via video link, declared victory and thanked his celebrating supporters for the historical turnout. On the other hand, prime minister Janša addressing his supporters conceded defeat and said: "The results are what they are. Congratulations to the relative winner."[5] Luka Mesec, the coordinator of The Left, announced that he would offer to resign as the party coordinator.[36]

In Slovenia, political analysts commented that many people voted for Golob because he was seen as the most likely candidate to win against Janša's government, and tactical voting took place. The result came at the expense of the two opposition parties, the List of Marjan Šarec and the Party of Alenka Bratušek, both of which failed to secure seats in the National Assembly.[37] Freedom Movement won the highest number of seats for a single party in the elections since the independence of Slovenia. The number of parties that won seats (five) was the smallest elected to the legislature in the same time period; for comparison, nine parties were elected in 2018. Commentators mentioned that Golob, previously a successful businessman, is a newcomer to the office, and that there are still several unknowns about the party priorities. They also mentioned that he may lack qualified people to take the offices.[37][4] Luka Lisjak Gabrijelčič of Delo saw the result more like a defeat for Janša than a win for Golob, and added that the election in Slovenia would be internationally seen as a footnote in the fight against right-wing populism, as the world was mostly focused on the bigger election of the day, the 2022 French presidential election.[38]

International media saw the relative victory of the Freedom Movement as a defeat of right-wing populism of Janša's government, and commented that Janša was a supporter of the former US president Donald Trump and an ally of Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orbán.[4][5] In Croatia, the news portal Index commented that Golob embodies the values of the late Prime Minister and President Janez Drnovšek, and that a scenario where a political newcomer wins the election cannot happen in Croatia.[39]

In order to form a government, Euronews reported that Freedom Movement is expected to form a coalition with "smaller centre-left groups".[40] Prior to election, Golob suggested that he could cooperate with the existing opposition parties. Both Social Democrats and The Left lost seats but were considered likely coalition partners, with possible collaboration with the List of Marjan Šarec and the Party of Alenka Bratušek discussed prior to the elections as well.[37] In early reactions, Golob stated that he does not exclude working with the Slovenian Democratic Party and New Slovenia on some projects, but added that the projects requiring a constitutional majority are not the top priority at the moment.[36] After meeting with Golob two days after the election, President Borut Pahor stated that he planned to appoint a new government led by Golob in late May, with coalition talks with the Social Democrats and The Left due to start the week after the meeting.[41]

On 11 May, Robert Golob told reporters that the Freedom Movement had agreed to form a government with both the Social Democrats and The Left, with the goal of creating a cabinet of "experienced personalities and enthusiastic experts".[42] On 25 May, the National Assembly voted in Robert Golob as the new prime minister, heading the 15th Government of Slovenia. His cabinet ministers were later sworn in on 1 June.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Slovenia's president to set general election for April 24". ABC News. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  2. ^ "Opposition Slovenian liberal party on course for landslide win, say exit polls". The Guardian. 24 April 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  3. ^ Lihtenvalner, Katja (24 April 2022). "Slovenia's populist PM loses election to environmentalist party-election commission". Reuters. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  4. ^ a b c "Odzivi iz tujine: Slovenija obrnila hrbet desnemu populizmu". RTVSlo.si (in Slovenian). 25 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  5. ^ a b c "Opposition Slovenian liberal party on course for landslide win, say exit polls". The Guardian. 24 April 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  6. ^ Krašovec, Alenka (2023). "Slovenia: Political Developments and Data in 2022: A Year of Elections and Political Changes". European Journal of Political Research Political Data Yearbook. doi:10.1111/2047-8852.12409. ISSN 2047-8844.
  7. ^ a b National Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia Archived 2020-09-13 at the Wayback Machine State Election Commission
  8. ^ "Imamo sploh legalno volilno zakonodajo za državni zbor?". Časnik Večer d.o.o. (in Slovenian). Archived from the original on 19 March 2018. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
  9. ^ Electoral system Archived 2016-11-21 at the Wayback Machine IPU
  10. ^ "Zakon o volitvah v državni zbor (ZVDZ)". pisrs. Archived from the original on 7 February 2007. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
  11. ^ "Navodila in rokovnik - DZ 2018 | Državna volilna komisija". Državna volilna komisija. Archived from the original on 17 March 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
  12. ^ "President Pahor to Sign Decree for General Election on 24 April". www.total-slovenia-news.com. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  13. ^ "Predsednik vlade Janez Janša okužen s koronavirusom | GOV.SI". Portal GOV.SI (in Slovenian). Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  14. ^ "Dissenting Opinion of Constitutional Court of Ukraine Justice P.M. Tkachuk Regarding the Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in the Matter of the Constitutional Petition of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine Regarding the Official Interpretation of the Provisions of Article 11.6 of the Law of Ukraine "On Political Parties in Ukraine" (Case of the Creation and Registration of Party Organizations)". Statutes and Decisions. 44 (3): 96–100. 1 May 2009. doi:10.2753/rsd1061-0014440313. ISSN 1061-0014.
  15. ^ "Ustavno sodišče je zavrnilo pobudo za oceno protiustavnosti Levice in SD-ja". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  16. ^ "Naša dežela s 1500 podpisi volivcev vstopa v volilno tekmo". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 15 February 2022.
  17. ^ "Uradno: DeSUS in LIDE gresta na volitve s skupno kandidatno listo". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 15 February 2022.
  18. ^ "Vsak dan prvi - 24ur.com". www.24ur.com. Retrieved 15 February 2022.
  19. ^ "Svet stranke LIDE pooblastil Zorčiča za oblikovanje skupne liste kandidatov". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  20. ^ "LIDE ne bo šel na državnozborske volitve". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  21. ^ "DeSUS gre samostojno na volitve". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  22. ^ "KPK ustavila postopek v zvezi z letovanji Janeza Janše". www.24ur.com (in Slovenian). Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  23. ^ "KPK: Minister Počivalšek pri nabavi ventilatorjev kršil integriteto. Počivalšek: Imam mirno vest". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  24. ^ "Predvolilno: Policija preverja plačo Roberta Goloba". siol.net (in Slovenian). Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  25. ^ "Na politični parket stopila stranka LIDE, na kongresu za člana predsedstva izvoljen Igor Zorčič". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  26. ^ "Golob in Zorčič na volitvah ne bosta sodelovala". www.24ur.com (in Slovenian). Retrieved 17 February 2022.
  27. ^ "Ivan Gale bo vodil stranko Naša prihodnost z ..." siol.net (in Slovenian). Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  28. ^ "Dobra država in Naša prihodnost gresta na volitve s skupno listo". RTVSLO.si (in Slovenian). Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  29. ^ "RTVS Golobu: Niste parlamentarna stranka". siol.net (in Slovenian). Retrieved 28 March 2022.
  30. ^ "Presenečenje: Pivčevi priznali status parlamentarne stranke, Golobu ne". siol.net (in Slovenian). Retrieved 28 March 2022.
  31. ^ "Sodišče ugodilo Gibanju Svoboda, na RTVS bo obravnavano kot parlamentarna stranka". Dnevnik (in Slovenian). 6 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  32. ^ "Razkrito: kje bodo kandidirale posamezne stranke in liste". Siol.net. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
  33. ^ "Kandidatne liste potrjene, gospodinjstva bodo prejela sezname kandidatov".
  34. ^ Lihtenvalner, Katja (24 April 2022). "Slovenia's populist PM loses election to environmentalist party-election commission". Reuters. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  35. ^ "Volilna udeležba skoraj 70-odstotna". Delo (in Slovenian). 24 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  36. ^ a b "Velika zmaga Gibanja Svoboda, v državni zbor še SDS, NSi, SD in Levica". RTVSlo.si (in Slovenian). 24 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  37. ^ a b c ""Gibanje Svoboda je posrkalo večino volivcev, ki so glasovali proti vladi"". RTVSlo.si (in Slovenian). 24 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  38. ^ "Kronika napovedanega poraza". Delo (in Slovenian). 25 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  39. ^ "Zašto u Hrvatskoj nije moguća izborna pobjeda nekoga poput Goloba?". Index.hr (in Croatian). 25 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  40. ^ "Slovenia's Janša defeated by opposition liberal Freedom Movement". euronews. 24 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  41. ^ "Pahor says PM-designate could be proposed around 23 May". The Slovenia Times. Slovenian Press Agency. 27 April 2022. Archived from the original on 27 April 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  42. ^ "Slovenia's largest party says it has agreed to form coalition government". euronews. 11 May 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
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