2009 Ironman 70.3 World Championship
Appearance
(Redirected from 2009 Ironman World Championship 70.3)
The 2009 Ironman 70.3 World Championship was a triathlon competition held in Clearwater, Florida on November 14, 2009. The race was sponsored by Foster Grant and organized by the World Triathlon Corporation. The championship race is the culmination of the Ironman 70.3 series of races that take place during the 12 months prior leading up to the event. Athletes, both professional and amateur, earn a spot in the championship race by qualifying in races throughout the 70.3 series.[1]
Medallists
[edit]Men
[edit]Pos. | Time (h:mm:ss) |
Name | Country | Split times (h:mm:ss) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Swim | T1 | Bike | T2 | Run | ||||
3:34:04 | Michael Raelert | Germany | 21:58 | 1:55 | 1:59:35 | 1:32 | 1:09:06 | |
3:36:34 | Daniel Fontana | Italy | 21:55 | 1:53 | 1:59:30 | 1:27 | 1:12:00 | |
3:37:50 | Matthew Reed | United States | 21:59 | 2:08 | 1:59:09 | 1:25 | 1:13:11 | |
4 | 3:38:02 | Sylvain Sudrie | France | 21:57 | 1:53 | 1:59:41 | 1:45 | 1:12:46 |
5 | 3:38:19 | Joe Gambles | Australia | 22:19 | 2:05 | 1:58:57 | 1:35 | 1:13:23 |
6 | 3:40:16 | Kevin Collington | United States | 22:10 | 2:04 | 2:00:32 | 1:58 | 1:13:32 |
7 | 3:40:16 | Luke Bell | Australia | 22:01 | 1:58 | 1:59:23 | 1:40 | 1:15:14 |
8 | 3:40:19 | Alberto Casadei | Italy | 22:05 | 2:15 | 1:59:12 | 1:44 | 1:15:03 |
9 | 3:40:31 | Leon Griffin | Australia | 22:22 | 1:54 | 1:59:08 | 4:42 | 1:12:25 |
10 | 3:41:37 | Brian Fleischmann | United States | 21:38 | 1:53 | 2:01:05 | 1:42 | 1:15:19 |
Source:[2] |
Women
[edit]Pos. | Time (h:mm:ss) |
Name | Country | Split times (h:mm:ss) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Swim | T1 | Bike | T2 | Run | ||||
3:59:33 | Julie Dibens | Great Britain | 23:48 | 2:11 | 2:07:15 | 1:44 | 1:24:37 | |
4:03:49 | Mary Beth Ellis | United States | 24:05 | 2:10 | 2:10:58 | 1:56 | 1:24:42 | |
4:05:27 | Magali Tisseyre | Canada | 25:34 | 2:21 | 2:15:17 | 1:45 | 1:20:32 | |
4 | 4:05:33 | Caroline Steffen | Switzerland | 25:18 | 3:13 | 2:08:29 | 1:45 | 1:26:48 |
5 | 4:07:39 | Laura Bennett | United States | 24:03 | 2:13 | 2:17:06 | 1:35 | 1:22:42 |
6 | 4:08:17 | Michellie Jones | Australia | 25:35 | 2:06 | 2:15:22 | 1:58 | 1:23:16 |
7 | 4:09:34 | Sarah Groff | United States | 23:41 | 2:10 | 2:16:07 | 1:40 | 1:25:56 |
8 | 4:13:16 | Amanda Stevens | United States | 23:45 | 2:14 | 2:13:30 | 1:44 | 1:32:03 |
9 | 4:15:04 | Karin Thürig | Switzerland | 30:51 | 0:45 | 2:10:38 | 4:42 | 1:28:08 |
10 | 4:17:57 | Vanessa Gianinni | Brazil | 25:40 | 2:41 | 2:24:26 | 1:42 | 1:23:28 |
Source:[2] |
Qualification
[edit]The 2009 Ironman 70.3 Series features 34 events that enable qualification to the 2009 World Championship event. Some 70.3 events also act as qualifiers for the full Ironman World Championships in Hawaii.
Qualifying Ironman 70.3s
[edit]Date | Event | Location |
---|---|---|
Oct 5, 2008 | Ironman 70.3 Austin | Austin, TX, United States |
Nov 8, 2008 | Ironman 70.3 World Championship | Clearwater, FL, United States |
Jan 18, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 South Africa | Buffalo City, South Africa |
Jan 18, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Pucón | Pucón, Chile |
Feb 8, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Geelong | Geelong, Australia |
Mar 22, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Singapore | Singapore |
Apr 4, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 California | Oceanside, CA, United States |
Apr 5, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 New Orleans | New Orleans, LA, United States |
Apr 19, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 China | Haikou, Hainan, China |
May 3, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 St. Croix | St. Croix, US Virgin Islands |
May 17, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Florida | Orlando, FL, United States |
May 24, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Austria | St. Pölten/Vienna, Austria |
May 30, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Hawaii | Kohala, HI, United States |
Jun 7, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Switzerland | Rapperswil-Jona, Lake Zurich, Switzerland |
Jun 13, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Boise | Boise, ID, United States |
Jun 14, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Kansas | Lawrence, KS, United States |
Jun 14, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 U.K. | Wimbleball, Exmoor, UK |
Jun 14, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Eagleman | Cambridge, MD, United States |
Jun 28, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Buffalo Springs Lake | Lubbock, TX, United States |
Jul 12, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Rhode Island | Providence, RI, United States |
Jul 19, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Vineman | Sonoma County, CA, United States |
Aug 1, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Steelhead | Benton Harbor, MI, United States |
Aug 2, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Antwerp | Antwerp, Belgium |
Aug 2, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Calgary | Calgary, AB, Canada |
Aug 16, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Germany | Wiesbaden/Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis, Germany |
Aug 16, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Lake Stevens | Lake Stevens, WA, United States |
Aug 23, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Timberman | Gilford, NH, United States |
Aug 23, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Philippines | Camarines Sur, Philippines |
Aug 29, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Brazil | Penha, Brazil |
Sep 6, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Monaco | Monaco |
Sep 13, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Muskoka | Huntsville, Ontario, Canada |
Sep 20, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Cancún | Cancún, Quintana Roo, MEX |
Sep 27, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Augusta | Augusta, Georgia, United States |
Oct 4, 2009 | Ironman 70.3 Putrajaya | Putrajaya, Malaysia |
2009 Ironman 70.3 Series results
[edit]Men
[edit]Event | Gold | Time | Silver | Time | Bronze | Time | Reference |
Longhorn | Richie Cunningham (AUS) | 3:49:44 | Joe Gambles (AUS) | 3:50:40 | Alberto Casadei (ITA) | 3:51:49 | [3] |
Clearwater | Terenzo Bozzone (NZL) | 3:40:10 | Andreas Raelert (GER) | 3:40:42 | Richie Cunningham (AUS) | 3:41:47 | [4] |
South Africa | Raynard Tissink (RSA) | 4:02:04 | Fraser Cartmell (GBR) | 4:04:07 | Konstantin Bachor (GER) | 4:04:50 | [5] |
Pucón | Oscar Galíndez (ARG) | 3:57:26 | Reinaldo Colucci (BRA) | 3:59:21 | Daniel Fontana (ITA) | 4:01:53 | [6] |
Geelong | Craig Alexander (AUS) | 3:50:51 | David Dellow (AUS) | 3:53:02 | Luke Bell (AUS) | 3:53:52 | [7] |
Singapore | Craig Alexander (AUS) | 3:47:23 | Chris McCormack (AUS) | 3:50:41 | Simon Thompson (AUS) | 3:54:27 | [8] |
California | Matthew Reed (USA) | 3:51:50 | Andy Potts (USA) | 3:53:36 | Ronnie Schildknecht (SUI) | 3:54:14 | [9] |
New Orleans | Brent McMahon (CAN) | 3:52:08 | Chris McCormack (AUS) | 3:54:33 | Tim O'Donnell (USA) | 3:55:08 | [10] |
China | Chris McCormack (AUS) | 4:04:44 | Luke McKenzie (AUS) | 4:23:34 | Mark Jansen (SIN) | 4:38:11 | [11] |
St. Croix | Tim O'Donnell (USA) | 4:02:36 | Igor Amorelli (BRA) | 4:03:38 | Richie Cunningham (AUS) | 4:05:45 | [12] |
Florida | Dirk Bockel (LUX) | 3:54:25 | Luke Bell (AUS) | 3:54:28 | Santiago Ascenco (BRA) | 3:56:10 | [13] |
Austria | Chris McCormack (AUS) | 3:54:15 | Marino Vanhoenacker (BEL) | 3:54:18 | Massimo Cigana (ITA) | 3:56:22 | [14] |
Hawaii | Craig Alexander (AUS) | 4:02:52 | Chris Lieto (USA) | 4:05:34 | Luke McKenzie (AUS) | 4:11:58 | [15] |
Switzerland | Ronnie Schildknecht (SUI) | 3:54:30 | Mike Aigroz (SUI) | 3:56:10 | Alessandro Degasperi (ITA) | 3:57:47 | [16] |
Boise | Craig Alexander (AUS) | 3:51:46 | Chris Lieto (USA) | 3:51:48 | Joe Gambles (AUS) | 3:56:24 | [17] |
Kansas | Luke Bell (AUS) | 3:49:35 | Tim O'Donnell (USA) | 3:50:44 | Paul Matthews (AUS) | 3:53:20 | [18] |
UK | Philip Graves (GBR) | 4:15:58 | Stephen Bayliss (GBR) | 4:19:41 | Fraser Cartmell (GBR) | 4:20:37 | [19] |
Eagleman | Terenzo Bozzone (NZL) | 3:51:11 | Richie Cunningham (USA) | 3:51:27 | Michael Lovato (USA) | 3:56:51 | [20] |
Buffalo Springs | Paul Matthews (AUS) | 4:01:26 | Leon Griffin (AUS) | 4:03:02 | Simon Thompson (AUS) | 4:05:54 | [21] |
Rhode Island | Michael Lovato (USA) | 3:54:39 | Richie Cunningham (USA) | 3:54:50 | Cameron Brown (NZL) | 3:54:53 | [22] |
Vineman | Joe Gambles (AUS) | 3:49:18 | Simon Thompson (AUS) | 3:53:38 | Leon Griffin (AUS) | 3:57:01 | [23] |
Steelhead | Andy Potts (USA) | 3:54:38 | Andrew Starykowicz (USA) | 3:56:44 | Kieran Doe (NZL) | 3:59:31 | [24] |
Antwerp | Marino Vanhoenacker (BEL) | 3:41:46 | Paul Matthews (AUS) | 3:45:22 | Bert Jammer (BEL) | 3:46:35 | [25] |
Calgary | Tim O'Donnell (USA) | 3:55:28 | Ben Hoffman (USA) | 4:02:51 | Jamie Whyte (NZL) | 4:03:58 | [26] |
Germany | Sebastian Kienle (GER) | 4:04:34 | Michael Raelert (GER) | 4:05:25 | Mathias Hecht (SUI) | 4:05:52 | [27] |
Lake Stevens | Joe Gambles (AUS) | 3:56:36 | Jeff Symonds (CAN) | 4:03:46 | Justin Park (USA) | 4:07:26 | [28] |
Timberman | Andy Potts (USA) | 3:51:19 | Alberto Casadei (ITA) | 3:58:52 | Massimo Cigana (ITA) | 3:59:32 | [29] |
Philippines | Terenzo Bozzone (NZL) | 3:51:25 | Chris McCormack (AUS) | 3:52:18 | Cameron Brown (NZL) | 3:52:31 | [30] |
Brazil | Santiago Ascenço (BRA) | 3:47:09 | Igor Amorelli (BRA) | 3:52:21 | Fabio Carvalho (BRA) | 3:54:00 | [31] |
Monaco | Axel Zeebroek (BEL) | 4:15:16 | Michael Weiss (AUT) | 4:19:37 | Tyler Butterfield (BER) | 4:20:10 | [32] |
Muskoka | Craig Alexander (AUS) | 3:58:04 | Richie Cunningham (USA) | 4:02:02 | Paul Matthews (AUS) | 4:03:52 | [33] |
Cancún | Oscar Galindez (ARG) | 4:10:22 | Paul Ambrose (GBR) | 4:15:22 | Igor Amorelli (BRA) | 4:18:43 | [34] |
Augusta | Greg Bennett (AUS) | 3:47:07 | Chris Legh (AUS) | 3:49:27 | Brian Fleischmann (USA) | 3:50:44 | [35] |
Putrajaya | Jan Řehula (CZE) | 4:01:19 | Domenico Passuello (ITA) | 4:01:53 | Cameron Watt (AUS) | 4:03:52 | [36] |
Women
[edit]Event | Gold | Time | Silver | Time | Bronze | Time | Reference |
Longhorn | Lisa Bentley (CAN) | 4:20:15 | Pip Taylor (AUS) | 4:23:49 | Annie Gervais (CAN) | 4:28:12 | [3] |
Clearwater | Joanna Zeiger (USA) | 4:02:49 | Mary Beth Ellis (USA) | 4:04:07 | Becky Lavelle (USA) | 4:07:32 | [4] |
South Africa | Lucie Zelenková (CZE) | 4:46:40 | Heleen bij de Vaate (NED) | 4:57:00 | Claire Kinsley (RSA) | 4:59:26 | [5] |
Pucón | Heather Gollnick (USA) | 4:28:58 | Linsey Corbin (USA) | 4:29:24 | Amanda Stevens (USA) | 4:40:50 | [6] |
Geelong | Samantha Warriner (NZL) | 4:14:33 | Yvonne van Vlerken (NED) | 4:15:25 | Rebekah Keat (AUS) | 4:17:35 | [7] |
Singapore | Jodie Swallow (GBR) | 4:19:10 | Andrea Hewitt (NZL) | 4:30:24 | Tereza Macel (CAN) | 4:30:41 | [8] |
California | Mirinda Carfrae (AUS) | 4:25:02 | Sarah Groff (USA) | 4:25:23 | Leanda Cave (GBR) | 4:25:43 | [9] |
New Orleans | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 4:17:50 | Catriona Morrison (GBR) | 4:18:43 | Joanna Zeiger (USA) | 4:22:25 | [10] |
China | Amanda Balding (AUS) | 5:28:55 | Gemma Keogh Peters (SIN) | 5:53:40 | Jutta Wessling (GER) | 5:59:52 | [11] |
St. Croix | Catriona Morrison (GBR) | 4:32:38 | Mirinda Carfrae (AUS) | 4:35:21 | Caitlyn Snow (USA) | 4:40:44 | [12] |
Florida | Leanda Cave (GBR) | 4:15:29 | Joanna Lawn (NZL) | 4:23:42 | Magali Tisseyre (CAN) | 4:24:07 | [13] |
Austria | Sandra Wallenhorst (GER) | 4:28:46 | Lucie Zelenkova (CZE) | 4:30:03 | Caroline Steffen (SUI) | 4:31:50 | [14] |
Hawaii | Belinda Granger (AUS) | 4:26:08 | Samantha McGlone (USA) | 4:38:02 | Rhae Shaw (USA) | 4:46:08 | [15] |
Switzerland | Sarah Schütz (SUI) | 4:28:26 | Erika Csomor (HUN) | 4:29:03 | Simone Benz (SUI) | 4:33:36 | [16] |
Boise | Magali Tisseyre (CAN) | 4:12:29 | Linsey Corbin (USA) | 4:20:58 | Samantha McGlone (USA) | 4:25:10 | [17] |
Kansas | Chrissie Wellington (GBR) | 4:14:52 | Pip Taylor (AUS) | 4:19:42 | Joanna Lawn (NZL) | 4:20:44 | [18] |
UK | Catriona Morrison (GBR) | 4:40:14 | Julie Dibens (GBR) | 4:43:02 | Bella Bayliss (GBR) | 4:44:02 | [19] |
Eagleman | Mirinda Carfrae (AUS) | 4:13:28 | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 4:17:01 | Desiree Ficker (USA) | 4:24:50 | [20] |
Buffalo Springs | Amy Marsh (USA) | 4:33:36 | Kelly Williamson (USA) | 4:35:04 | Joanna Lawn (NZL) | 4:36:37 | [21] |
Vineman | Pip Taylor (AUS) | 4:20:04 | Tyler Stewart (USA) | 4:21:34 | Dede Griesbauer (USA) | 4:23:29 | [23] |
Steelhead | Samantha Warriner (NZL) | 4:17:57 | Leanda Cave (GBR) | 4:25:12 | Nina Craft (GBR) | 4:26:22 | [24] |
Antwerp | Sofie Goos (BEL) | 4:08:07 | Belinda Granger (AUS) | 4:08:25 | Delphine Pelletie (FRA) | 4:09:47 | [25] |
Calgary | Mirinda Carfrae (AUS) | 4:11:05 | Magali Tisseyre (CAN) | 4:21:05 | Catriona Morrison (GBR) | 4:21:30 | [26] |
Germany | Yvonne van Vlerken (NED) | 4:42:46 | Tiina Boman (FIN) | 4:44:47 | Eva Janssen (NED) | 4:47:40 | [27] |
Lake Stevens | Becky Lavelle (USA) | 4:28:16 | Heather Wurtele (CAN) | 4:29:24 | Michellie Jones (AUS) | 4:31:07 | [28] |
Timberman | Chrissie Wellington (GBR) | 4:15:11 | Catriona Morrison (GBR) | 4:17:07 | Magali Tisseyre (CAN) | 4:23:54 | [29] |
Philippines | Lisa Bentley (CAN) | 4:24:29 | Gina Kehr (USA) | 4:26:11 | Charlotte Paul (AUS) | 4:31:26 | [30] |
Brazil | Vanessa Gianinni (BRA) | 4:29:35 | Heather Gollnick (USA) | 4:30:58 | Pamela Tastets (CHL) | 4:36:58 | [31] |
Monaco | Christel Robin (FRA) | 4:47:20 | Marion Lorblanchet (FRA) | 4:51:59 | Jeanne Collonge (FRA) | 4:52:27 | [32] |
Muskoka | Mirinda Carfrae (AUS) | 4:24:48 | Rebeccah Wassner (USA) | 4:29:34 | Kelly Couch (USA) | 4:36:29 | [33] |
Cancún | Michellie Jones (AUS) | 4:41:48 | Daniela Sämmler (GER) | 4:53:33 | Katherine Baker (AUS) | 4:55:54 | [34] |
Augusta | Laura Bennett (USA) | 4:18:36 | Kelly Williamson (USA) | 4:18:42 | Desiree Ficker (USA) | 4:20:47 | [35] |
Putrajaya | Rachael Paxton (AUS) | 4:30:47 | Katya Meyer (USA) | 4:36:17 | Erin O'Hara (NZL) | 4:37:33 | [36] |
References
[edit]- ^ "About the Race". World Triathlon Corporation (WTC). Archived from the original on 26 July 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2010.
- ^ a b Carlson, Timothy; Herbert Krabel (14 November 2008). "Michael Raelert and Julie Dibens take Clearwater 70.3 Worlds 09". Slowtwitch.com. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Bentley and Cunningham win Longhorn Ironman 70.3 Austin". World Triathlon Corporation. 6 October 2008. Archived from the original on 14 September 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b Carlson, Timothy (12 November 2008). "Fast Times at Clearwater Beach". Slowtwitch.com. Retrieved 6 September 2011.
- ^ a b "South Africa 70.3 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Geelong 70.3 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Singapore Ironman 70.3 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — Ironman California 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — Ironman New Orleans 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — Ironman China 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — St. Croix Ironman 70.3 Triathlon". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — Ironman Florida 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Austria 70.3 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — 2009 Ironman Hawaii 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Ironman 70.3 Switzerland" (PDF). World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — Ironman Boise 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — Ironman 70.3 - Lawrence, Kansas June 14th, 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — Ironman UK 70.3" (PDF). World Triathlon Corporation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — 2009 EagleMan Ironman 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Buffalo Springs 70.3 Ironman". MyChipTime. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ "Race Results for 2009 — Ironman Rhode Island 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "19th Annual Vineman Ironman 70.3 Triathlon". J-Chip USA. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — Whirlpool Ironman 70.3 Steelhead Triathlon". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Vanhoenacker and Goos take Antwerp". World Triathlon Corporation. 2 August 2009. Archived from the original on 4 September 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Calgary 70.3 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Kienle and Van Vlerken take Ironman 70.3 Germany". World Triathlon Corporation. 16 August 2009. Archived from the original on 14 September 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Race Results for 2009 — Lake Seven Ironman 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Timberman Ironman 70.3 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Philippines 70.3 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Gianninni and Ascenco take Ironman 70.3 Brazil". World Triathlon Corporation. 31 August 2009. Archived from the original on 8 May 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Monaco Ironman 70.3 Results 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "2009 Subaru Ironman Muskoka 70.3". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Mexicana Cancun Ironman 70.3 - 2009" (PDF). World Triathlon Corporation. pp. 42–43. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Augusta 70.3 2009". World Triathlon Corporation. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
- ^ a b "Řehula and Paxton take Putrajaya". World Triathlon Corporation. 19 October 2009. Archived from the original on 27 December 2010. Retrieved 7 September 2011.