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1988 Detroit Grand Prix

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1988 Detroit Grand Prix
Race 6 of 16 in the 1988 Formula One World Championship
Race details
Date June 19, 1988
Official name 7th Enichem Detroit Grand Prix
Location Detroit street circuit
Detroit, Michigan
Course Temporary street course
Course length 4.023 km (2.5 miles)
Distance 63 laps, 253.449 km (157.5 miles)
Weather Warm and sunny with temperatures up to 91.9 °F (33.3 °C); wind speeds up to 11.1 miles per hour (17.9 km/h)[1]
Pole position
Driver McLaren-Honda
Time 1:40.606
Fastest lap
Driver France Alain Prost McLaren-Honda
Time 1:44.836 on lap 4
Podium
First McLaren-Honda
Second McLaren-Honda
Third Benetton-Ford
Lap leaders

The 1988 Detroit Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on June 19, 1988 in Detroit, Michigan. It was the sixth race of the 1988 Formula One season.

Summary

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Qualifying

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Ayrton Senna's third win of the season made it six out of six for McLaren in 1988, on the way to an unprecedented 15 wins and ten 1-2 finishes in 16 races. Senna's victory matched the season total of teammate Alain Prost, who finished 38 seconds behind the Brazilian in second place. Thierry Boutsen took third for Benetton, as he had a week before in Canada, and Andrea de Cesaris scored the first points ever for the Rial team by finishing fourth. Minardi also scored their first point with Pierluigi Martini's sixth place.

With turbocharged engines scheduled to be eliminated prior to 1989, and their effectiveness intended to be curtailed by two rule changes for 1988, few teams opted to develop totally new equipment that would only be used for one season. Only Honda, who defected to McLaren from defending Constructor's Champion Williams, and Ferrari developed new engines to meet the revised turbo rules– boost reduced from 4 bars to 2.5, and fuel capacity reduced from 195 liters to 150 (refueling was banned from 1984 through 1993), and only McLaren developed a completely new chassis. Though the new rules were intended to narrow or eliminate the performance gap between the turbos and the normally aspirated engines, Honda and Ferrari were able to display a 50 horsepower (37 kW) advantage over the best 3.5-liter equipment of the opposition. With that kind of power differential, the only new chassis in the field, and Senna and Prost behind the wheel, McLaren quickly turned the season into a two-man show.

Detroit's tight 90-degree turns and short straight sections had given the underpowered "atmo" cars a chance at several times during the turbo era, and some teams were hoping that the circuit would offer them a chance. Senna took the 22nd pole of his career by more than eight-tenths of a second, but the Ferraris of Gerhard Berger and Michele Alboreto both lined up ahead of Prost, who was fourth and openly admitted that he simply did not like the circuit. The teams were all hoping for cooler temperatures for the race on Sunday, after the track had begun to break up during qualifying, expedited by a Trans-Am race on Saturday. There was a push from the F1 teams to have the Trans-Am race cancelled, but with that series having guaranteed television coverage of each round (of which Detroit was a part), the race went ahead and as feared, the powerful, heavy saloons tore the track surface up even more. Hasty concrete repairs made the surface extremely abrasive for the soft compound tires most teams had brought, and teams were forced to reconsider their plans for a non-stop race. On Sunday morning, Berger said, "Really, I think today is a lottery.... which probably gives us our best chance of the season."

Ivan Capelli broke a bone in his left foot when he crashed into the pit wall during Saturday practice, having set a time in Friday qualifying that would have put him 21st on the grid. Nicola Larini was thus promoted to the last grid spot.

Race

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In front of 61,000 fans on race day, Senna took the lead off the grid. The Ferraris held onto second and third before Prost got by Alboreto on lap 5, and Berger on lap 6. By then, Senna was over six seconds ahead.

On lap 7 Boutsen, having already passed Alboreto, attempted to pass Berger as well, but his Benetton hit the Ferrari's left rear wheel and punctured the tire, sending Berger into retirement. Two laps later, Boutsen's team-mate Alessandro Nannini collided with Alboreto while trying to overtake him. Both cars continued, but on lap 15 Nannini pitted with a damaged right front suspension and failing brakes. Alboreto continued until lap 46 when he spun off, having worked his way back up to seventh.

The collisions enabled Nigel Mansell to move up to fourth in the Williams, only for his Judd engine to fail on lap 19. Team-mate Riccardo Patrese assumed the position until lap 27, when he suffered an electrical failure.

Any hope of a threat to the McLarens was gone. The red and white cars, with Senna eight seconds ahead, seemed to be carefree. In fact, Prost had been struggling the entire race with an uncooperative gearchange. "It was strange– the gearbox felt as though it was seizing up. The worst change was from fourth to fifth, which I think I missed at least once a lap right the way through."

Pierluigi Martini, driving in his first Grand Prix in almost three years, was running extremely well for Minardi and got up to fifth place on lap 35 when Maurício Gugelmin's March retired. He would likely have finished there, if not for the relentless and resilient performance of Jonathan Palmer for Tyrrell. Palmer had come together with Stefano Modena in the EuroBrun on the first lap, requiring a stop to replace the nosecone, and leaving him dead last by a sizable margin. By lap 47, he had worked his way into the points, and in the closing laps, he was the fastest car on the circuit. Palmer's two points for fifth place were his reward for what was probably the most impressive performance of the race.

Senna and Prost both had time to make leisurely stops for new tires, and Senna went on to lead all 63 laps. Prost finished nearly 40 seconds behind Senna, despite setting the fastest lap of the race on lap 4; no other drivers finished on the lead lap. Prost said, "Over the years I've developed a style of driving which involves braking into the apex of a corner. I don't think most of the guys do that, but it works for me. On this surface today, though, it was impossible to do it without simply sliding straight on. So I had to change my whole way of driving, brake carefully in a straight line, then turn in. No excuse, you understand, but it meant adapting, doing something which isn't my natural style."

The drivers became outspoken about their dislike of the race. Senna likened the last laps to driving in heavy rain as the track had broken up so badly, while he, Prost and Boutsen argued that if Formula One wanted to stay in Detroit, it needed to move elsewhere in the city. Even though there were some negotiations to move the event to another street circuit on nearby Belle Isle, these plans ultimately fell through,[2] and thus this was the last Formula One Detroit Grand Prix. For the next three years, F1 raced at a street circuit in Phoenix, Arizona, in an event officially known as the United States Grand Prix.

The Detroit street circuit hosted three CART races in 1989, 1990 and 1991 (the unpopular chicane before the pits being removed), before CART moved to the Belle Isle circuit in 1992.

Classification

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Pre-qualifying

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Pos No Driver Constructor Time Gap
1 36 Italy Alex Caffi Dallara-Ford 1:46.280
2 33 Italy Stefano Modena EuroBrun-Ford 1:46.522 +0.242
3 32 Argentina Oscar Larrauri EuroBrun-Ford 1:46.650 +0.370
4 22 Italy Andrea de Cesaris Rial-Ford 1:46.709 +0.429
DNPQ 31 Italy Gabriele Tarquini Coloni-Ford 1:47.312 +1.032

Qualifying

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Pos No Driver Constructor Q1 Q2 Gap
1 12 Brazil Ayrton Senna McLaren-Honda 1:40.606 1:41.719
2 28 Austria Gerhard Berger Ferrari 1:42.283 1:41.464 +0.858
3 27 Italy Michele Alboreto Ferrari 1:43.925 1:41.700 +1.094
4 11 France Alain Prost McLaren-Honda 1:42.019 1:43.420 +1.413
5 20 Belgium Thierry Boutsen Benetton-Ford 1:45.718 1:42.690 +2.084
6 5 United Kingdom Nigel Mansell Williams-Judd 1:43.458 1:42.697 +2.091
7 19 Italy Alessandro Nannini Benetton-Ford 1:43.117 1:45.345 +2.511
8 1 Brazil Nelson Piquet Lotus-Honda 1:44.352 1:43.314 +2.708
9 17 United Kingdom Derek Warwick Arrows-Megatron 1:44.614 1:43.799 +3.193
10 6 Italy Riccardo Patrese Williams-Judd 1:43.810 1:45.016 +3.204
11 14 France Philippe Streiff AGS-Ford 1:44.204 1:44.743 +3.598
12 22 Italy Andrea de Cesaris Rial-Ford 1:45.866 1:44.216 +3.610
13 15 Brazil Maurício Gugelmin March-Judd 1:44.474 1:53.243 +3.868
14 30 France Philippe Alliot Lola-Ford 1:44.590 3:40.532 +3.984
15 18 United States Eddie Cheever Arrows-Megatron 1:45.159 1:44.948 +4.342
16 23 Italy Pierluigi Martini Minardi-Ford 1:47.094 1:45.049 +4.443
17 3 United Kingdom Jonathan Palmer Tyrrell-Ford 1:45.268 1:45.662 +4.662
18 26 Sweden Stefan Johansson Ligier-Judd 1:45.275 1:47.135 +4.669
19 33 Italy Stefano Modena EuroBrun-Ford 1:45.304 +4.698
20 25 France René Arnoux Ligier-Judd 1:45.437 1:47.483 +4.831
21 36 Italy Alex Caffi Dallara-Ford 1:47.493 1:45.750 +5.144
22 4 United Kingdom Julian Bailey Tyrrell-Ford 1:46.286 1:47.801 +5.680
23 32 Argentina Oscar Larrauri EuroBrun-Ford 1:46.390 1:48.116 +5.784
24 29 France Yannick Dalmas Lola-Ford 1:46.422 1:46.447 +5.816
25 24 Spain Luis Pérez-Sala Minardi-Ford 1:48.186 1:46.593 +5.987
26 21 Italy Nicola Larini Osella 1:46.623 1:51.623 +6.017
DNQ 2 Japan Satoru Nakajima Lotus-Honda 1:47.243 1:49.353 +6.637
DNQ 10 West Germany Bernd Schneider Zakspeed 1:48.423 1:48.249 +7.643
DNQ 9 Italy Piercarlo Ghinzani Zakspeed 1:48.925 1:48.990 +8.319
DNS 16 Italy Ivan Capelli March-Judd 1:45.546 +4.940

Race

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Pos No Driver Constructor Laps Time/Retired Grid Points
1 12 Brazil Ayrton Senna McLaren-Honda 63 1:54:56.035 1 9
2 11 France Alain Prost McLaren-Honda 63 + 38.713 4 6
3 20 Belgium Thierry Boutsen Benetton-Ford 62 + 1 Lap 5 4
4 22 Italy Andrea de Cesaris Rial-Ford 62 + 1 Lap 12 3
5 3 United Kingdom Jonathan Palmer Tyrrell-Ford 62 + 1 Lap 17 2
6 23 Italy Pierluigi Martini Minardi-Ford 62 + 1 Lap 16 1
7 29 France Yannick Dalmas Lola-Ford 61 + 2 Laps 24  
8 36 Italy Alex Caffi Dallara-Ford 61 + 2 Laps 21  
9 4 United Kingdom Julian Bailey Tyrrell-Ford 59 Spun Off 22  
Ret 24 Spain Luis Pérez-Sala Minardi-Ford 54 Gearbox 25  
Ret 30 France Philippe Alliot Lola-Ford 46 Halfshaft 14  
Ret 33 Italy Stefano Modena EuroBrun-Ford 46 Spun Off 19  
Ret 27 Italy Michele Alboreto Ferrari 45 Collision 3  
Ret 25 France René Arnoux Ligier-Judd 45 Overheating 20  
Ret 15 Brazil Maurício Gugelmin March-Judd 34 Engine 13  
Ret 6 Italy Riccardo Patrese Williams-Judd 26 Electrical 10  
Ret 1 Brazil Nelson Piquet Lotus-Honda 26 Spun Off 8  
Ret 32 Argentina Oscar Larrauri EuroBrun-Ford 26 Gearbox 23  
Ret 17 United Kingdom Derek Warwick Arrows-Megatron 24 Spun Off 9  
Ret 5 United Kingdom Nigel Mansell Williams-Judd 18 Engine 6  
Ret 14 France Philippe Streiff AGS-Ford 15 Suspension 11  
Ret 19 Italy Alessandro Nannini Benetton-Ford 14 Suspension 7  
Ret 18 United States Eddie Cheever Arrows-Megatron 14 Electrical 15  
Ret 21 Italy Nicola Larini Osella 7 Engine 26  
Ret 28 Austria Gerhard Berger Ferrari 6 Puncture 2  
Ret 26 Sweden Stefan Johansson Ligier-Judd 2 Overheating 18  
DNS 16 Italy Ivan Capelli March-Judd 0 Driver Injured  
DNQ 2 Japan Satoru Nakajima Lotus-Honda      
DNQ 10 West Germany Bernd Schneider Zakspeed      
DNQ 9 Italy Piercarlo Ghinzani Zakspeed      
DNPQ 31 Italy Gabriele Tarquini Coloni-Ford      
Source:[3]

Championship standings after the race

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  • Note: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings.

References

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  1. ^ "1988 Detroit Grand Prix weather information". The Old Farmers' Almanac. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  2. ^ "f1archives.com". www.f1archives.com. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  3. ^ "1988 United States Grand Prix". formula1.com. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  4. ^ a b "USA 1988 - Championship • STATS F1". www.statsf1.com. Retrieved 15 March 2019.

Further reading

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  • Nigel Roebuck (June 23, 1988). "Detroit GP: Makes You Six!". Autosport, 30-41.


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1988 Canadian Grand Prix
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