Étude Op. 25, No. 12 (Chopin)

Excerpt from the Étude Op. 25, No. 12

Étude Op. 25, No. 12 in C minor is the last of Frédéric Chopin's formal studies for the piano, opus 25, dedicated À Madame la Comtesse d'Agoult. It was first published in 1837 in French, German, and English. In the first French edition, the time signature is 4/4, but most recent editions of this piece follow the manuscript and German editions, which indicate cut time. This work is a series of rising and falling arpeggios in various chord progressions from C minor. Its opening bars recall the chord structure of the opening bars of the second prelude of the first book of The Well-Tempered Clavier by Johann Sebastian Bach.

It is often referred to as the "Ocean" etude.

Structure

The entire work, except the coda, consists wholly of semiquaver (sixteenth note) arpeggios, spanning large lengths of the keyboard in the space of one bar. The initial theme is expounded upon and changes to many different keys. The climax resolves to C major.

See also

• Prelude and Fugue in C minor, BWV 847 - has similar chord structure at the beginning

External links

• Études Op. 25: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
• Op. 25, No. 12 played by Alfred Cortot
• Op. 25, No. 12 played by Claudio Arrau
• Op. 25, No. 12 played by Vladimir Ashkenazy
• Op. 25, No. 12 played by Maurizio Pollini
• Op. 25, No. 12 played by Grigory Sokolov